Adding some alloy elements to the common bell can make the cast iron have some special properties, such as wear resistance, heat resistance, or corrosion resistance, to form a kind of alloy cast iron with special properties. Alloy cast iron can be used to make machine parts that work under high temperature, high friction, or corrosion resistance conditions.

Wear-resistant cast iron

According to different working conditions, wear-resistant cast iron can be divided into antifriction cast iron and wear-resistant cast iron. Antifriction cast iron is used to manufacture parts that work under lubricating conditions, such as machine tool bed, guide rail, and cylinder sleeve. These parts require a small coefficient of friction. Wear-resistant cast iron is used to make parts that work under friction conditions, such as rollers, ball mill balls, etc.

Heat-resistant cast iron

Cast iron usually produces oxidation and growth when working at high temperatures. Oxygen usually refers to the phenomenon of chemical corrosion of cast iron on the surface of castings under the corrosion of oxidizing atmosphere at high temperature. Due to the formation of an oxide skin on the surface, the effective section of the casting is reduced, thus reducing the bearing capacity of the casting. Growth refers to the nonplastic volume growth of cast iron during repeated heating and cooling at high temperatures, which increases the size of parts and reduces the mechanical properties. Under high temperatures and load, the castings will eventually deform, warp, crack or even crack due to oxidation and growth. Therefore, the ability of cast iron to resist damage at a high temperature usually refers to the oxidation resistance and growing resistance of cast iron. Heat-resistant cast iron is a kind of cast iron that has certain oxidation resistance and growth resistance under high temperatures and can bear a certain load.

Corrosion-resistant cast iron

The corrosion resistance of ordinary cast iron is very poor, because cast iron itself is a kind of multiphase alloy, and each phase in the electrolyte has different electrode potentials. Among them, the electrode potential of graphite is the highest, cementite is the second, and ferrite is the lowest. The high potential phase is the cathode, and the low potential phase is the anode, which forms a micro battery, so the ferrite used as the anode is continuously consumed and goes deep into the cast iron.

The main way to improve the corrosion resistance of cast iron is to add human alloy elements to obtain a favorable structure and form a good protective film. The base structure of cast iron is preferably dense and uniform single-phase structure, i.e. a or F. Medium size and incoherent graphite is favorable for corrosion resistance. As for the shape of graphite, a spherical or flocculent shape is preferred.

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