With its high-speed cutting characteristics, CNC machining centers have emerged in the machining field in recent years. With the continuous self-upgrade of equipment performance, the cutting speed of machining centers is getting faster and faster. Chip problem is an unavoidable problem in machining, so proper handling of machining chips is particularly important for the daily operation of CNC machining centers.

vmc650 is the representative model of small vertical machining center. Due to the limitation of the machine body, although the processing stroke is limited, the spindle speed can reach 8000rpm/min, which can meet the requirements of metal cutting with various hardness and rigidity. In the cutting process, the chipped chips will splash and hurt people, and it is easy to damage the machine tool; while the long strip-shaped chips will wrap around the workpiece or the tool, which is easy to scratch the workpiece, causing tool damage, and even affect the safety of workers. Whether the tool chip breaking is reliable or not has a significant impact on normal production and operator safety.

The vmc650 machining center can carry 24 tools. Due to a large number of tools and the close connection between the tool holder and the tool, the problem of chip breaking becomes more important. Even destroy the normal operation of the entire automatic line, so when designing, selecting, or sharpening tools, the reliability of tool chip breaking must be considered.

For safe CNC machining, the chips should meet the following requirements:

It cannot be wrapped around the tool, the workpiece and its adjacent tools and equipment; it shall not splash to ensure the safety of the operator and the observer; during finishing, the chips shall not scratch the machined surface of the workpiece and affect the quality of the machined surface; Guarantee the predetermined durability of the tool, do not wear it prematurely and try to prevent it from being damaged; when the chips flow out, it will not hinder the injection of cutting fluid; the chips will not scratch the machine tool guide rails or other components.

Recommended chip handling

Utilize pre-grooving on the workpiece surface

According to the diameter of the workpiece, one or several grooves are pre-cut along the axial direction of the workpiece on the machined surface. In this way, reliable chip breaking is ensured without affecting the roughness of the machined surface of the workpiece. Chip breaking is good even when machining tough materials. For example, when fine boring workpiece materials with greater toughness (such as 40Cr, etc.), when it is difficult to break chips by other methods, longitudinal grooves can be broached on the machined surface before boring. Using this method can show its unique advantages.

Change tool geometry parameters and adjust the cutting amount

From the chip breaking principle mentioned above, it can be seen that reducing the rake angle of the tool; increasing the main declination angle; grinding a negative chamfer on the main cutting edge; reducing the cutting speed; increasing the feed, and changing the shape of the main cutting edge. Can promote chip breakage. However, taking these methods to break chips often brings some adverse consequences, such as decreased productivity, deterioration of workpiece surface quality, and increased cutting force.

In addition, the use of cutting fluid can reduce the plasticity and toughness of chips, which is also conducive to chip breaking. Increasing the pressure of the cutting fluid can promote the breaking of the chips, and this method is sometimes used in hole processing.

Conclusion

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